The biodiesel properties are very close to the ones of diesel. The diesel engine operating with biodiesel can decrease carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), and smoke emissions while increasing nitrogen oxides (NO x).
#Steam thermodynamic properties calculator free
Biodiesel has gained prominence as an attractive fuel because it is biodegradable, nontoxic, environmentally friendly, and free from sulfur and aromatic contents. Rapeseed, soybean, and palm oils have been largely preferred as edible raw materials for the production of biodiesel worldwide.
Biodiesel is produced from wider feedstock by transesterification, microemulsion, dilution, and pyrolysis. In this regard, biodiesel could be considered as an alternative fuel to fossil diesel to meet the growing fuel demand and the severe environmental norms. Thus, researchers carry out studies on combustion in internal combustion engines and alternative fuels. In addition, the use of fossil-based fuels is still dominant in almost all internal combustion engines despite the fact that the resources of the fossil-based fuels are depleting rapidly. More severe environmental restrictions have been put into effect in many countries worldwide due to the growing concern about environmental issues. However, combustion in internal combustion engines is a major source of pollutant emissions. Introductionįossil-based fuels derived from crude oil are the main sources of energy for internal combustion engines worldwide in general and in Cameroon in particular. The equilibrium combustion products obtained can be used to calculate the nonequilibrium values of NO in the exhaust gases using some existing correlations of NO kinetics. The specific heat of combustion products increases with the steam injection ratios. Nitric oxide (NO) mole fractions decrease with the steam injections ratios for lean mixtures. The results show that the mole fractions of carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO 2) decrease with the steam injection ratios. The model gives equilibrium mole fractions, specific heat of the exhaust mixtures of 10 combustion products, and adiabatic flame temperatures. The effects of steam injection on combustion products and thermodynamic properties of diesel fuel, soybean oil-based biodiesel (NBD), and waste cooking oil biodiesel (WCOB) are examined in this study by considering the chemical equilibrium.
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